Corporate governance Essay

Other studies have attempted to isolate the impact of separate social factors on financial performance. For instance, Derwall, Gunster, Bauer, & Koedjik, K. (2003) have included the innovest eco-efficiency scores of US companies, and have looked at the environmental factor. After controlling the risk and investment style, they concluded that the high-ranked portfolio outperforms the low-ranked portfolio. The results become significant when adjusted for industry effects. Becker & Huselid (1998) have concentrated on the relationship between human resources management and firm performance. An analysis of over 500 multi-industry US companies present that a high performance HRM system has an economically and statistically positive effect on organizational performance. Gompers, Ishi, & Metrick, A. (2003) have emphasized the corporate governance aspect. They have drafted a governance index using 24 governance rules on 1,500 large US firms. An investment strategy that purchased shares of well-governed firms and sold shares in badly-governed firms earned an abnormal return during the 1990s. The research has applied style-adjustments. Bauer, Gunster, & Otten (2003) have analyzed the effect of corporate governance on stock returns and firm value. They have utilized the Deminor Corporate Governance ratings to build a portfolio of organizations with bad corporate governance. They find positive results for style-adjusted returns, with weaker positive results after adjustment for country differences. In summary, majority of the studies have presented an out-performance for SRI portfolios compares with more traditional investment approaches, even if such differences do not always present as statistically significant. When particular dimensions of sustainability are investigated, more significant and positive results are brought forth, suggesting that some facets of corporate social responsibility may also contribute shareholder value. Hypothesis This research will look into the efficiency of the internet, especially the corporate websites in transmitting messages with regard to one’s corporate social responsibility. In the same way, it would determine the role of corporate responsibility in increasing profits and revenues of a certain organization. It would look at how US companies incorporate their corporate social responsibility into their websites and how they link the most present and relevant issues into the general characteristics of the company (corporate profile) and of their products and services. In the same manner, this study aims to look at how these issues have been presented in their websites. Are they using the descriptive or informative approach and are they more commercial in perspective instead of allowing an ethical valuation or an appraisal of the company’s compromises in its production. This would also look into the issue of corporate governance. This research shall be qualitative in nature. According to Fay (1996), qualitative researchers attempt to accurately describe, decode and interpret the precise meanings of a certain phenomenon to a person or group of people. The research will also be based on the interpretative paradigm. According to Saunders et al. (2003) interpretive research is a broader term than qualitative research and it encompasses all other approaches based on participant observation such as ethnographic, qualitative, phenomenological, constructivist, and case studies. Second, interpretive research does not carry with it the false connotation of excluding the use of quantitative measures. The focus lies at the different constructions and meanings people place upon their own experiences and the reasons for those differences. The researcher shall use three tests focused in one group. These shall include surveys, focus group discussions and interviews that are essential in gaining necessary data. The focus group discussion of qualitative analysis was utilized, offering the proponent the opportunity to follow up and clarify certain facets of the research to the researchers and to the peers of the research group. It also permitted the members of the focus group to express his/her feelings, opinions and concerns. Following this, the focus group discussions created were documented and thematically analyzed. In order to effectively evaluate the research hypothesis and meet the objectives of the study, this study will employ two qualitative research methods – the focus group discussion and interview method of research. Qualitative research in itself makes for an in-depth evaluation and analysis of human dynamics and the kind of reasons that motivate such behaviour and the reasons that revolve around such behaviour to spur out in the first place. As compared to quantitative research, the qualitative method of analysis relies on the fundamental reasons behind the reactions of people when external factors are applied to a given situation. Simply put, it investigates the why and how of decision making, relative to what is being identified by the quantitative method of analysis – what, where, and when (Denzin & Lincoln 2000). For this reason, qualitative research only requires a relatively small group as compared to the relatively large yet most of if not all of the time are random samples. Qualitative research also identifies and sorts data into relevant and helpful patterns as the foundation for organization and the basis for reporting the kind of results for data.

Literary Analysis Of Black Like Me Essay

Although many people in the 1950s believed that African Americans were inferior to Caucasians, nevertheless their theory was wrong because any flaws African Americans had at the time were due to the way they were treated, not their race. John Howard Griffin discovers this by changing his skin color and living like an African American. John Howard Griffin was an expert on race issues when he darkened his skin and went down south to experience what life was like for an African American. Despite his enlightened view of civil rights, he was fully unaware of what it would be like to become African American. Even though he, like most northerners, was aware of the poor treatment of the African American people in the south, he was unaware of how demeaning it was to be African American and how impossible it had become for African Americans to become successful members of society. When Griffin’s skin was darkened he was treated differently than when his skin was white. He was treated horrifically for no other reason than the color of his skin. He was condescended upon by Caucasians and spoken to vulgarly. On one occasion, he was chased down the street by a Caucasian youth while offensive obscenities were hurled at him. However, the discrimination he endured was not always this obvious. Sometimes it was very subtle. Even before his color change Griffin knew that African Americans were given low paying jobs and were not allowed to work at certain businesses or use some services. He did not know, however, how this treatment made African American life miserable. On page 52, the cumulative effect of the discrimination is explained. â€Å"You take a young white boy. He can go through school and college with a real incentive. He knows he can make good money in any profession when he gets out. But can a Negro- in the South? No, I’ve seen many make brilliant grades in college. And yet when they come home in the summers to earn a little money, they have to do the most menial work. And even when they graduate, it’s a long hard pull. Most take postal jobs, or preaching or teaching jobs. This is the cream. What about the others, Mr. Griffin? A man knows no matter how hard he works, he’s never going to quite manage†¦ taxes and prices eat  up more than he can earn. He can’t see how he’ll ever have a wife and children. The economic structure just doesn’t permit it unless he’s prepared to live down in poverty and have his wife work too.† This lifestyle was forced upon African Americans because of false stereotypes about their race. â€Å"They saw us as â€Å"different’ from themselves in fundamental ways: we were irresponsible; we were different in our sexual morals; we were intellectually limited; we had a God-given sense of rhythm; we were lazy and happy-go-lucky; we loved watermelon and fried chicken.†(162) Sadly, the belief in the secondary status of an African American was widespread. Even intellectuals were misled by scientific studies published in scholarly journals and newspapers. The studies showed that African American people had more illegitimate children, earlier loss of virginity and a higher crime rate than compared to Caucasian people. Because of this, African Americans were discriminated against. This discrimination led African Americans into an ominous standard of living. Griffin, however, explains that the characteristics given to African Americans were not ingrown qualities shared among their race, but rather products of the poor conditions they were forced to live in. Griffin says there is no â€Å"basic difference between black and white†(89) and attributes these characteristics as â€Å"the effects of environment on human nature.† (89) â€Å"You place the white man in the ghetto, deprive him of the educational advantages, arrange it so he has to struggle hard to fulfill his instinct for self-respect, give him little physical privacy and less leisure, and he would after a time assume the characteristics you attach to the Negro. These characteristics don’t spring from whiteness or blackness, but from a man’s conditioning†¦when you force humans into a subhuman mode of existence, this always happens. Deprive a man of any contact with the pleasures of the spirit and he’ll fall completely into those of the flesh.† (90) African Americans were treated poorly because of negative stereotypes associated with their race. However, any truth in these stereotypes was due to their poor treatment, not the color of their skin. If they were treated poorly, they would gain these attributes. They were treated poorly because of these characteristics, the very characteristics that were caused by their poor treatment. This viscous cycle continued until the civil rights movement of the 1960s. In John Howard Griffin’s book Black Like Me, Griffin accurately describes the difference between the way Caucasians were treated and the way African Americans were treated in America’s south during the 1950s. His ability to describe the contrast so accurately stems from the fact that he experienced what it was like to be seen as â€Å"black† and what it was like to be seen as â€Å"white†. Although many southerners at the time believed that Caucasians were superior to African Americans, nevertheless Griffin proves that African Americans are not inferior and that any negative characteristics that exist in stereotypical African Americans are caused by oppression by their Caucasian counterparts.

An Overview Of Life Satisfaction Literatures Social Work Essay

An Overview Of Life Satisfaction Literatures Social Work Essay This chapter begins with literatures about life satisfaction and important personal and situational predictors of life satisfaction in older persons, then in order to provide a theoretical background for this study attempt to define the most important components of structural and functional support. The next portion will focus on the ways in which significant personal and situational characteristics might affect on structural and functional components. The focus will then shift to the effect of structural and functional components specifically on life satisfaction. And finally specific theories and models that have been proposed to explain the role of structural and functional components in the life satisfaction of older adults will be addressed. Over the past few years, the world’s population has continued on its remarkable transition from a state of high birth and death rates to one characterized by low birth and death rates. At the heart of this transition has been the gro wth in the number and proportion of older persons. Such a rapid, large, and ubiquitous growth has never been seen in the history of civilization (Norman mood, happiness, life satisfaction, and morale. Factors such as morale, life satisfaction and happiness are considered to be important in determining subjective well-being in the elderly (Kim, Hisata, Kai, and second as an internal and subjective perception, the individuals’ evaluation of their lives, the second approach is now more widely used (Miller, 1997). Life satisfaction is a very personal assessment, one must decide one’s own life satisfaction criteria. Two individuals may share very similar lives, and one may find life satisfactory and the other may not (Quadhamer, 1999). Havighurst proposed that measuring life satisfaction as an â€Å"inner† assessment was a better measure of successful aging. Such a measure would accommodate individual differences in conceptions and values of growing older. Specific ally, the individual whose personality most values an active life style could be as satisfied with his life as one who is more passive (Havighurst, 1961).

Market research of phone cases (Iphone) and evidencing demand for this Assignment

Market research of phone cases (Iphone) and evidencing demand for this product - Assignment Example For instance, Iphones have been strong and efficient in the services they offer. This has been profoundly instrumental because customers always prefer products that are strong, durable and most importantly efficient in offering its intended services. For years, Iphones have been outstanding in their market performance as the company’s innovativeness has been its great tool (Diamantopoulos 2004). Different models of iPhones have evolved systematically with the quality being improved successively. In order to shield off stiff competition in the market the apple company has benefitted from the creativity, innovation and enterprising nature of its business model. The improvement of iPhone products has been both significant and a challenge in as far as the business environment is concerned. Some of the successive products end up finding resistance and low market reception. This is part of the business challenges but the Company must ensure that it remains relevant in the market not allowing to be overtaken by fierce competitors by improving the new product (Sinha, 2013). Despite the initial success and high market demand of iPhones in the market, challenges have crippled in as well. In the most recent past iPhone 5C model experienced an unsuccessful entry into the market. The demand of the Smartphone was significantly low, which led loss of profits and affected the product and the company’s profile in the market. This led to the reduction of its daily production with almost 50% (Sinha, 2013). Most of the iPhone 5C manufacturers admitted receiving orders to cut down daily rate of the product production. For instance, Pegatron reported instructions to cut the manufacturing of iPhone 5C by almost 75%. This resulted in the production of 80, 000 units on weekly basis from 320,000 units initially (Sinha, 2013). In general, the production of iPhone 5C reduced hugely and the company suffered huge profit and financial losses. In fact, there were

The story of stuff Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The story of stuff - Essay Example In order to shock the reader into realizing the severity of the problems, the author has interspersed her discussion with some rather startling facts. For example she rightly says that the Government has failed in its responsibility to provide safety and security for its citizens. She maintains that out of the world’s 100 largest economies, 51 percent are corporations and 49 percent are countries. This fact has been stated by Sarah Anderson and John Cavanagh in their report entitled ‘Top 200: The Rise of the Corporate Global Power’ in which they compared the size and power of international corporate entities to the Governments of nations. What hope can Governments and people then have to save themselves from the caprices of corporations? In fact instances of Government lobbying on the part of corporations and their donations are so common that many people have simply given up thinking in the power of Government to reform society according to idealistic principles. That is why you see a low turnout on any election day. Leonard also maintains that in the last three decades, we have used up as much as one-third of the Earth’s resources (Hawkins, Lovins & Lovins, 4).

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 205

Summary - Essay Example Swift explains that a year old and healthy child provides the most nourishing and delicious meal (2). Therefore, she proposes that the public should reserve 20,000 children and sell the remaining 100,000 to the rich people, who would use them for food. Swift believes that the proposal will reduce the number of children who present many challenges to the country. It will also enable the poorer tenants to afford the basic needs, thus reducing their distress. The proposal will increase the nations’ stock, allowing people to produce and use their own goods in order to ensure circulation of money within the country (Swift 4). In addition to earning eight shillings sterling every year, it will also relieve their parents the task of caring for their children. Swift argues that the scheme will induce marriage, and mothers will care and tender their children in a good manner because they will be sure of making profits, rather than incurring expenses. Swift, Jonathan. "A Modest Proposal: For Preventing the Children of Poor People in Ireland, from being a Burden on their Parents or Country, and for Making Them Beneficial to the Public." 2008. pp. 1-7. Accessed from May 12, 2015 :

Numerical Problem Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Numerical Problem - Speech or Presentation Example Further, the firm has a higher debt-to-equity ratio which is also unfavorable indicating more risk because the firm depends more on external lenders. Average collection period indicates the number of days a firm requires converting its receivables into cash. The firm takes more days that the industry average implying that the premiums receivable of the firm are less liquid or are converted less quickly into cash. The firm is, therefore, less efficient in managing its premium receivables compared to the industry average. Days cash on hand shows the number of days of operating expenses that the firm could meet with its current cash available. The company is in a worse situation because it has a lower ratio than the industry average and should increase its fundraising or cut back its spending. Return on assets is a profitability ratio measuring how efficient a firm is in using its assets to generate revenue. The firm has a higher ratio than the industry average implying that it is more efficient in using its assets to generate revenue than the industry average. The firm has higher TIE ratio than the industry average. It, therefore, has higher ability to meet its interest payments on the debt. The firm has a lower fixed asset turnover ratio meaning it is not using the assets optimally. It is less efficient than the industry average in using assets to generate sales or

Chiquita Brands Inc Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Chiquita Brands Inc - Research Paper Example Corporate Ethics The strategy for business ethics in Chiquita Brands was begun in 1998 when the company engaged the professional services of SmithOBrien to craft and implement a CSR policy for the company. The first comprehensive CSR report was released in 2004. (SmithOBrien website). Chiquita Brands’ corporate commitment speaks of the corporate values of integrity, respect, opportunity and responsibility as the embodiment of what they are and what they do. The company defines integrity as ethical and lawful business communicated in an open and straightforward manner (Kotler and Lee, 2005). Respect is seen as fair and respectable treatment of people. They recognize that the growth and development of their employees is the key to the company’s success. They take pride in their services and make sure that these exceed customer expectations. As much as they uphold the primacy of their customers, they recognize that their accountability is to all stakeholders, including emp loyees, suppliers, shareholders, communities and the world. (Chiquita website). At Chiquita Brands, corporate social responsibility is an integral part of their global business strategy. They make it a point to live up to the requirements of SA 8000, one of the more credible and verifiable social accountability standards (developed by Social Accountability International), by regularly including the SAI assessment in their corporate responsibility reports. Their openness on issues about their social, environmental and financial performance is highlighted in these reports. (Chiquita website). As part of their pursuit of these corporate commitments, Chiquita Brands has implemented an anti-retaliation policy to encourage the reporting or raising of concerns about potential misconduct and other ethical issues. This policy is available in six key languages to make sure it is understood by employees, contractors and vendors in most Chiquita locations. (Chiquita website). CSR Issues Involvi ng Chiquita Brands Notwithstanding the implementation of a corporate responsibility policy sometime after 1998, a number of violations or infringements resembling CSR violations have been reported and documented involving Chiquita Brands. On of these was the conviction of Chiquita Brands in 2007 by a US court of illegal financial dealing with Colombian terrorists in the form of â€Å"protection money† during the period 2001-2004. $25 Million Fine The court slapped a fine of $25 Million and five-year probation, and was required to hire a permanent compliance officer. Under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act, the fine would have been almost $100 Million, but the court rendered a much lesser penalty in consideration of Chiquita’s self-disclosure and full cooperation (Annual Report 2010). The situation in Colombia is atypical of businesses engaged in landed estates for their production, as in banana production. Where the country is under-developed and the econ omy is struggling, this would have been an ideal location to operate a wide-area plantation because of the low cost of agricultural work (Vellema, 1999). Protection Money Most such areas, however, are characterized by the presence of insurgents who are also members of the local community and who feed on instigating for peasant rights, as in Panama and the Philippines (Vellema, 1999). There is no way an organization

Discuss the social and health needs of prisoner in the UK and why Essay

Discuss the social and health needs of prisoner in the UK and why these needs are of relevance to the wider community - Essay Example However as the population of prisoners increase by day, the conditions surrounding the imprisoned in the country have deteriorated. There is a need for better health care in prisons and for an improvement in the prisoners’ general life inside bars. The National Health Service for example has recently got the mandate to look into matters of health care for prisoners taking over this duty from the prison service (Williamson 2006). This is a good call since there is admittedly a need to look into social and health issues of the prisoners. This paper will discuss the social and health needs of the prisoners in the United Kingdom and the reasons as to why the needs are relevant to the wider community. There is a wide spread concern that the rules and regimes of the prison environment could have detrimental impacts on the mental health of the prisoners and especially those with mental illnesses already. It is also well documented that the incidences of psychiatric morbidity and subs tance abuse is higher among the prisoners than the general public. Thus with the growing population, there are now more people with mental illnesses in the prisons than ever before (Harris, Hek and Condon 2007). The overcrowding, separation from family and friends, loss of autonomy and boredom are potentially detrimental to the mental stability of the prisoners. There is therefore a need to improve the state of mental healthcare so as to get to the main of objectives of the prisons to be anti-therapeutic environments. There is a need to really care for the prisoners from reception through to discharge mentally so as to improve their perceptions in the quality of their lives. The staff administering mental healthcare inside the prisons should have extra training to identify the prisoners who need extra support, those with history of mental illness and those who will be on remand for a long time (Brooker 2009). The population of the prisons in England and Wales has doubled in the last 20 years thus making the prisons to overcrowd. Overcrowding is the state where a prison contains more prisoners than the establishment’s CNA (Certified Normal Accommodation). THE United Kingdom has the highest percentage of overcrowding in Europe. The overcrowding leads to enormous burdens on the staff making it difficult to offer adequate resources to the offenders. This exacerbates tension and frustration levels by prisoners leading to higher risks of violence. This leaves prisoners under the danger of being hurt or killed. It also deteriorates the living conditions where inmates eat, sleep and even defecate in the cell, like in the case of Bedford, a condition which leaves them to the danger of infections. The overcrowding also denies some prisoners the access to education, training and work. This is because there is a high demand due to the high population. Overcrowding also brings difficulties in mental, drug and alcohol abuse treatment services. It is also expensive an d increases the risk of a prisoner to committing crimes after release due to the above inconveniences (Singleton et al 1998). Some of the prisoners are fathers and mothers. This means that they are forced to combine serving their sentences and parenting. Their families therefore need support from the society and the administration. Their kids are especially at risks of experiencing poverty, mental illnesses, poor housing and more negative incomes. Most children with parents in prison will most likely go on to offend. There are also the

Beginning of the slave trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Beginning of the slave trade - Essay Example Many countries such as United States, France, Britain and Germany also joined the trade as they continued colonizing Africa to expand their businesses (Rodriguez 81). The trade was massive to the extent that it was traded in a certain triangle across the world. The tremendous growth of the trade led to the emergence of various significant slave-trading routes. For instance, the growth of the trade led to the emergence of the Trans-Sahara slave trade and the Trans-Atlantic slave trade. Countries that practiced slave trade developed tremendously; their businesses boomed as they registered incredible profits from their trading activities. This is because they exploited the available cheap labor (slaves) thus significantly reducing their costs of production. However, their wealth did not only come from the slave trade but also from the resources obtained from African countries. These countries traded gold and other mineral substances, which was an extremely lucrative business at that time (Rodriguez 81). After many years passed, late in the 1800, slave trade began collapsing after the public, activists and humanitarian bodies established strong campaigns against the trade. The end of the trade slowly began by certain countries such as United States withdrawing as other countries followed. However, it took some time before European countries such as Portugal to withdraw, despite the United States having done

Sir Arthur Conan-Doyle Essay Example for Free

Sir Arthur Conan-Doyle Essay This is a wonderful description, almost a photographic image for the reader, a description leaving a sense of, is this a man or a monster? This again adds to the already building tension for the reader, who continues to make his or her own deductions. We see almost immediately how brilliantly perceptive Sherlock Holmes is when he spots the mud on the Ms Stoners coat and the train ticket in her hand. From this he deduces that she must have set off early, travelling in a Dogcart for some time before she got to the station. He picks up on clues throughout the story, things that the everyday person would possibly miss. This again draws the reader in, they feel enlightened and start to study the story more carefully wanting to be more like the ingenious Holmes. The story continues and Holmes and Watson visit the home of Ms Stoner and her stepfather. They inspect the bedroom of the dead sister and Sherlock Holmes picks up on several odd effects that he relays to Watson. Firstly a fake bell pull, then a ventilator which does not ventilate. A saucer of milk in the stepfathers room, becomes suspicious when they are advised Doctor Roylott keeps no cats. Several other little clues are spotted and you can almost feel Holmes mind working overtime. The reader will also pick up on the clues and again start to make their own deductions to Whodunnit? The tension starts to peak when Holmes decides to stay the night with Watson in Ms Stoner sisters bedroom. They wait patiently in a near by inn till Holmes spots a tell tale light, a sign for him to make his move. Crossing the lawn the tension is building and the author cleverly startles the reader by his introduction of the Baboon, a detail that Holmes has overlooked until then. When out from a clump of laurel bushes there darted what seemed to be a hideous and distorted child, who threw itself on the grass with writhing limbs, and then ran swiftly across the lawn into the darkness. The fact that Doctor Roylott keeps these exotic animals is ultimately a very important clue. Once in the bedroom the tension is paramount as the two men sit and wait in the eerie darkness. Again the author startles the reader by the sudden fury of excitement when Holmes lights a match, blinding Watson and therefore the reader is momentarily struck by the unknown. Once Watson gains his vision he relays again the image of Holmes lashing out savagely,I could however, see that his face was filled with horror and loathing. What could be happening? The story ends with the conclusion, albeit a little abruptly, maybe even a little unbelievable and somewhat corny for the modern day reader. We discover that it is a snake owned by Doctor Roylott that has been trained by its master to crawl in to the adjacent bedroom and ultimately kills the sleeping victim. Unfortunately for Doctor Roylott, Holmes foiled his plan by scaring the creature, which in due course turned and killed its own master. This allows the reader to let out a great sigh of relief. The crime has been solved the tension has passed. The story albeit a little obvious and very basic, is also very cleverly written. The author succeeds in initially drawing the reader in and keeping their attention throughout. The story would have been extremely exciting and ground breaking in its day. Exotic animal were unheard of. The account is written in very descriptive but extremely long sentences, which is another clue to its age. Time has taken it toll and we as modern readers have been spoiled by the cleverness of the modern day detective novels. Therefore the ending is a little disappointing, no twists or red herrings except for the gypsies . But the story must be applauded, Conan-Doyle was one of the earliest authors of his kind to begin this clever technique of keeping his reader guessing throughout the book. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Conan Doyle section.

Database Usage Memorandum Essay Example for Free

Database Usage Memorandum Essay Database means a compilation or collection of data and information in defined or meaningful manners. This compilation of data or information concerning a specific theme or topic, in a distinct, well-organized and compacted way is known as database. The data and information salvaged and kept in database is extremely related and create data recovery simple and quick. Few examples of database are Airplane Timetables, Library card index and personal address books. (What is database? a definition from Whatis. com) Database Management System or DBMS are the soft wares or application soft wares which are used in organizations or companies of all sizes to pile up, keep, recover and process database regularly and quickly. Therefore, the definition of Database Management systems can be written as: The computer program or application software which is written particularly to generate, keep and access database in compact and useful styles. These days there are numerous types of soft wares which are excellent and quality database management systems. Oracle, Microsoft Access and DB2 are few examples. However, Oracle is one of the hugely used Database management systems in industry, companies or organizations these days. The functioning and characteristics of other database management systems are good and effective but Oracle is more vastly used database software in use in organizations. (White) The importance or suggestion of oracle is mostly based on its characteristics and reputation. Oracle users are extremely pleased and comfortable with the setting, facilities and characteristics supplied by Oracle. Banking Industry or Banks are one of the largest and growing organizations in a world. Without any disbelief banks has the largest number of clients or customers. Therefore, banks need and wants such database application software which should perform the necessities of banks. Oracle is software which performs and fulfills all the needs and wants of employees of banking industry. These are the few common characteristics of Oracle which proves its importance and dependability in the banking industry. (Financial Banking) In banks, one of the major and main problems or thread is the shortage or limitation of time. Banks are the organizations that have a largest amount of branches network. Therefore, in this circumstances oracle provide the facility to process data and information at a highest speed available today. Moreover, oracle provides the access to the relevant data by identifying the authority of employees. This facility increases the speed of network and reduces the work load on the servers and networks. (Financial Banking) Oracle is an object rational database and object to oriented database. This is one of the most important features of Oracle. Oracle has a capability to take care of data and information of any organization as objects and can show relation among different objects. In banking industry, there are several types of bank accounts based on the nature of banks offers. Therefore, oracle can treat these sorts of accounts separately. Moreover, oracle executes and works at a high speed which reduces the time consumption. Another facility is that oracle can describe the standard functions and procedure that can act upon them. (Financial Banking) For the success or complete working of any database system, it is very important to have enough man power who can work on database. As far as Oracle is concerns, there is a huge amount of people who are expert in using oracle. Moreover, in universities and colleges students prefer to learn Oracle more than any other database management system. Therefore, presence of oracle experts is another major point which makes oracle the first choice in banking industry. (Financial Banking) Security is another problem for banks these days. Banks are responsible of providing security to the money of their clients. Moreover, it is also very important to secure the personal data of their clients too. Oracle provides the facility of security more than other database management systems available today. Oracle ensures the access of important data to the authorized and relevant users only. However, all unauthorized users can view a small amount of information but the main and vital information is secured in oracle. (Financial Banking) Banks are commonly having branches all over the especial region or area and these branches are usually linked through computer networks. Therefore, it is very vital to consider that each bank branch have same data about the entity. So, when some entity gets updated the main database is updated, and then it triggers to update an event for its entire replicates region wide. In this way all branches get updated and all have the latest and the most recent information about entity is available. (Financial Banking) Maintaining database can create problems when it comes to treat with a huge amount of data. Employees in any organization can face problems when they came across a huge amount of data. This huge amount of data contains a lot of irrelevant data too. However, Oracle can reduce the irrelevant data by itself. Oracle deletes the repetition or duplication of data. If more than one relation of an entity is to be considered, the separate relational table is created. In this way an entity remains unique with in the table. (Financial Banking) Oracle database due to its powerful characteristics, lower waste of time, user friendly environment, un ambiguous data use and storage, security and safety of data and capacity to control data efficiently could be considered as a right choice for the complex systems for instance Banking System. Work Cited White, David. What is a Database Management System?. 11 Aug 2008 http://www. wisegeek. com/what-is-a-database-management-system. htm. What is database? a definition from Whatis. com. SQL Server: Covering todays SQL Server topics. 22 Jul 2008. 11 Aug 2008 What is database? a definition from Whatis. com. Financial Banking. Oracle 11g, Siebel, PeopleSoft | Oracle, The Worlds Largest Enterprise Software Company. 11 Aug 2008 http://www. oracle. com/industries/financial_services/banking. html.

Synthesis of Isatin Based Caspase Inhibitors

Synthesis of Isatin Based Caspase Inhibitors DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF ISATIN BASED CASPASE INHIBITORS FOR RUTHENIUM CAGING APPLICATIONS KASUN CHINTHAKA RATNAYAKE ABSTRACT Apoptosis is the energy dependent programmed cell death. Improper function of apoptosis could lead to diseases such as cancers, strokes, alziemer’s disease. Caspases are the enzymes involved in the later stage of this process. Peptidyl and non-peptidyl caspase inhibitors have been synthesized recently. One of these non-peptidyl compound classes which consist of pyrrolidinyl-5-sulfo isatins have showed a greater potency against executioner caspases, caspase-3 and -7. According to literature and for further caging studies, two compounds were designed, synthesized and evaluated their inhibition against caspase-3 in this study. The analog in which its N-1 position alkylated with a 4-methyl pyridine moiety (7) showed a higher inhibition than the analog in which its N-1 alkylated with cyanoethyl group (8). Thus, the compound  7  was selected for further caging studies with ruthenium. Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Apoptosis and Caspases Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death. This is a significant cellular process which is directly co-related with embryogenesis, immune system, ageing and various diseases including cancers, stroke, myocardial infarction and neurodegenerative disorders.1 Caspases (cysteinyl dependent aspartate directed specific proteases) are the enzymes involved in the later stage of apoptosis. Caspases are divided to different classes according to their role played in the signaling cascade of apoptosis. Caspases 6, 8, 9 and 10 are involved as initiators and caspases 2, 3 and 7 are identified as executioner caspases in the signaling cascade.2The caspases 1, 4 and 5 are found to be non-active in the cell death process. 1.2 Caspase inhibition and modified isatin sulfonamides as caspase inhibitors Caspases play a significant role in both inflammation and apoptosis. Extensive researches have been conducted on caspases and their functions because they act as potential targets in drug discovery. Various inhibitors of Caspase have been made. These inhibitors could be categorized as non-peptidyl and peptidyl based compounds. A greater selectivity could be achieved when non-peptidyl inhibitors are used for different types of caspases. Isatin sulfonamides have showed inhibition on executioner caspases (caspase-3 and -7) in recent studies. In 2000, Lee and researchers reported the x-ray structure of caspase-3 with an isatin analog, 1-methyl-5-(2-phenoxymethyl-pyrrolidine-1-sulfonyl)-1h-indole-2,3-dione (a) bound to the active site of the enzyme (Figure 1).3 Modifying isatin sulfonamide analogues with pyrrolidine groups have shown significant effect on caspase inhibition.4 For example, various pyrrolidinyl-5-sulfo isatins have been shown inhibition to caspases, 3 and 7 (Figure 2). These isatin sulfonamide analogs are modified using structure activity relationships and performed these biological assays. The following isatin sulfonamides have shown to be inhibit caspase-3. The stereochemistry of substituted pyrrolidine moiety, cyclic vs acyclic ring structures and ring sizes have been examined for these inhibition studies (figure 3).5 1.3 Ruthenium complexes for caging applications Ruthenium compounds have been reported as significant candidates for caging applications. Light activation of these metal complexes has been extensively studied. Recently, neuroactive biomolecules as well as small molecular enzyme inhibitors have been reported to be caged with these ruthenium complexes. Spatial and temporal release of these caged molecules upon light activation gives insight to develop new tools that could be used to treat various diseases in biological systems. In this study Ruthenium polypyridyl compounds are used in future studies since they have been considered as excellent candidates for caging application of small molecules. Chapter 2: Results and Data 2.1 General considerations All reagents were purchased from commercial suppliers and used as received. Varian FT-NMR Mercury-400 Spectrometer was used to record all NMR spectra. IR spectra were recorded on High resolution mass spectra were recorded on.Melting points were recorded on .Enzyme inhibition assays were done on 2.2 Designing of Caspase inhibitors Recent studies show that various 5-pyrrolidinylsulfonyl isatins act as caspase-3 inhibitors. Several factors were considered in the designing process of these analogs. First, higher caspase inhibition was considered. Use of specific stereochemistry in the pyrrolidine moiety is important since S-alkoxypyrrolidine is more potent than its R-stereoisomer which shows almost no potency against caspase-3. It is reported that methoxymethyl pyrrolidinyl analogs show higher cell toxicity than phenoxymethyl pyrrolidines, thus methoxymethyl pyrrolidine analogs were chosen for further studies. When considering the Ruthenium caging studies, the chosen analogs should contain a group which has a higher binding affinitiy towards Ruthenium. Therefore, pyridyl and cyano groups were selected to incorporate in these isatin sulfonamide analogs. These groups are chosen to be attached to N-1 position of isatin sulfonamide analog. It has been reported that higher alkyl chain on N-1 position could increase th e inhibition. Therefore 4-methylpyridine and cyanoethyl groups were selected to attach on N-1 position of these analogs and compounds 7 and 8 are designed (Figure 3). 2.3 Synthesis of designed isatin sulfonamide analogs The designed analogs were synthesized using literature and modified procedures5, 6, 7 (Scheme 1). The compound 5 was synthesized as the precursor for the final analogs 7 and 8. The compounds 7 and 8 were synthesized using modified and optimized procedures (Scheme 2 and Scheme 3). 2.4 Enzyme Inhibition Assay Caspase-3 inhibition assay was performed for compounds 6 and 7 according to the literature procedure.2 Compound 6 was found to be more potent (IC50 = .. ) of than compound 7 (IC50 = ..). Thus, compound 6 was selected for further caging studies with Ruthenium bipyridine complexes. 2.5 Experimental 2.5.1 Sodium 2,3-dioxoindoline-5-sulfonate (1) Isatin (10 g, 0.068 mol) was added carefully to a stirred solution of 20% SO3/H2SO4 (20 mL) at -15 °C. The reaction mixture was gently warmed up to 70  °C with stirring. Reaction mixture was stirred at 70  °C for another 15-20 min. The reaction mixture was carefully poured on to crushed ice and let ice to melt and then 20% NaOH was added to the reaction mixture (pH=7). The flask containing reaction mixture was kept in an ice bath to induce precipitation of the desired product. The solid was filtered, washed with ice-cold water and dried to give red-orange crystalline solid. The 1H-NMR data was compared and matched with literature data. Yield: 14.48 g (0.051 mol. 75%) 2.5.2 2,3-dioxoindoline-5-sulfonyl chloride (2) Sodium 2,3-dioxoindoline-5-sulfonate dihydrate (2 g, 70 mmol) was dissolved in tetramethylene sulfone (10 mL) under Argon environment at 60-70  °C and phosphorus oxychloride (3.36 mL, ) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and kept in an ice bath. Then ice-cold water was added to the reaction mixture carefully. A precipitate was formed, filtered, washed with ice-cold water and dried used without further purification. The desired compound is yielded as a bright yellow solid. The 1H-NMR data was compared and matched with literature data. Yield: 1.58 g (64 mmol, 92%). 2.5.3 Tert-butyl (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (3) To a solution of N-Boc-L-prolinol (5.0 g, 25 mmol) in THF (25 mL) at -78  °C, Sodium hydride (60% in mineral oil) (960 mg, 40.0 mmol) was added and stirred for 10 min. Then methyl iodide (2.65 mL, 42.5 mmol) was added dropwise and reaction was stirred for 4h at -78  °C and additional 16 h at RT. Then NH4Cl was added until all H2 evolved and EtOAc was added. The organic layer was washed with water and sat. NaCl, dried over anhyd. Na2SO4 and concentrated to give a pale yellow oil and purified with petroleum ether: ether (9:1) to give a colorless oil. The 1H-NMR data was compared and matched with literature data. Yield: 4.986 g (23.16 mmol, 92%) 2.5.4 (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine (4) To a solution of tert-butyl (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (4.98 g, 23.07 mmol) in DCM (40 mL), TFA (25 mL) was added dropwise over 30 min at 0  °C. The reaction was warmed to RT and stirred for additional 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was added to 150 mL of 10% NaOH solution and extracted with DCM (50 mL x 3), dried over anhyd. Na2SO4 and concentrated to obtain a pale yellow oil. The 1H-NMR data was compared and matched with literature data. Yield: 2.657 g (23.07 mmol, 100%) 2.5.5 (S)-5-((2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)sulfonyl)indoline-2,3-dione (5) The compound (1) was synthesized according to procedure reported by Harvan et al.1 To a stirred solution of 2,3-dioxoindoline-5-sulfonyl chloride (2 g, 8.153 mmol) in 1:1 THF/CHCl3 (80 mL), a solution of (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine (1.033 g, 8.968 mmol) and DIPEA (2.84 mL, 16.310 mmol) in CHCl3 was added dropwise under Argon environment and stirred for 1 h at 0  °C. The reaction stirred for additional 1 h at RT. The reaction mixture was concentrated and purified using 1:1 EtOAc:Petroleum ether and isolated as bright yellow crystals. The 1H-NMR data was compared and matched with literature data. Yield: 1.185 g (36.53 mmol, 45%) 2.5.6 4-(bromomethyl)pyridine hydrobromide salt (6) Pyridin-4-ylmethanol (5.0 g) was dissolved in 48% HBr (50 mL) and refluxed for 24 h. (Reaction was monitored for completion using TLC). The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo until a thick gum appeared and treated with absolute Ethanol at 5  °C. The white crystalline solid obtained was filtered and washed thoroughly with cold absolute Ethanol. The 1H-NMR data was compared and matched with literature data. Yield: 4.74 g (18.7 mmol, 41%) 2.5.7 (S)-5-((2-(methoxymethyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)sulfonyl)-1-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)indoline-2,3-dione (7) To a stirred solution of (S)-5-((2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)sulfonyl)indoline-2,3-dione (1) (168 mg, 0.518 mmol) in DMF, 60% NaH in mineral oil (51.8 mg, 1.295 mmol) was added at 0  °C under Argon atmosphere. The reaction was stirred for 30 min. Then a solution of 4-Bromomethyl pyridine (130.6 mg, 0.518 mmol) in DMF was added dropwise and stirred for 4 h at 0  °C. The reaction was diluted with EtOAc and washed with saturated NaCl (20 mLÃâ€"3). The organic layer was dried over anhyd. Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was crystallized using EtOAc:Hexanes and isolated as a yellow solid. Yield: 85.8 mg (0.207 mmol, 40%) mp = 172-174  °C, 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): ÃŽ ´ 8.64 (d, 2H, J = 6 Hz), 8.11 (s, 1H), 8.03 (d, 1H, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.27 (d, 2H, J = 3.6 Hz), 6.83 (d, 1H, J = 8.4 Hz), 4.99 (s, 2H), 3.74 (m, 1H), 3.55 (dd, 1H, J = 9.6 Hz, 4 Hz), 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): ÃŽ ´ 8.51 (d, 2H, J = ..Hz), 8.01 (d, 1H, J = Hz), 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.46 (d, 2H, J = Hz), 7.07 (d, 1H, J = Hz), 4.99 (s, 2H), 3.67 (m, 1H), 3.41 (dd, 1H), 3.24 (s, 3H), 3.06 (m, 1H), 1.73 (m, 2H), 1.48 (m, 2H) 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): ÃŽ ´ 183.2, 160.8, 152.5, 150.5, 137.5, 134.9, 124.9, 122.1, 117.5, 110.8, 74.8, 59.2, 59.1, 49.3, 43.3, 28.8, 24.1 IR (ÃŽ ½max) (KBr): 3443, 2929, 2361, 2342, 1747, 1616, 1478, 1450, 1417, 1365, 1344, 1330, 1199, 1181, 1154, 1130, 1115, 1070, 1041, 994 MS (HRMS): 432 (M+Na+MeOH)+, 400 (M+Na)+ 2.5.8 (S)-3-(5-((2-(methoxymethyl) pyrrolidin-1-yl)sulfonyl)-2,3-dioxoindolin-1-yl)propanenitrile (8) To a stirred solution of (S)-5-((2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)sulfonyl)indoline-2,3-dione (1) (200 mg, 0.620 mmol) in DMF (10 mL), KOH (4 mg, 0.062 mmol) was added and stirred for 10 min at RT. Then acrylonitrile (45  µL, 0.680 mmol) was added dropwise and stirred for 2 days under Argon environment at RT. The reaction mixture was added to H2O (30 mL), and extracted with EtOAc (20 mLÃâ€"3). The combined organic layer was washed with 10% NaCl (20 mLÃâ€"3). The organic layer was dried over anhyd. Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified with CH2Cl2: MeOH (99:1) to afford yellowish-orange solid. Yield: 63.6 mg (0.169 mmol, 27%) mp = 134-138  °C, 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): ÃŽ ´ 8.15 (d,1H,J=Hz), 8.11(d,1H, J=.Hz), 7.18(d,1H,J=.Hz), 4.10 (t,2H,J=), 3.77(m,2H), 3.57(dd, 2H, J= Hz), 3.43(m,H), 3.40 (s,..H), 3.38(d, H, J=Hz), 3.36 (s,3H,), 3.14(m,H), 2.98,2.96,2.94, 2.86(t,2H, J=Hz), 2.04(s,..H), 1.92(m,H), 1.69 (m,.H), 1.55(s,H) 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): ÃŽ ´ 180.8, 157.8, 152.3, 137.6, 134.7, 124.9, 117.5, 116.8, 110.4, 74.8, 59.3, 59.1, 49.4, 36.8, 28.8, 24.1, 16.7 IR (ÃŽ ½max) (KBr): 3422, 2921, 2852, 2361, 2251, 1742, 1717, 1647, 1612, 1558, 1542, 1508, 1475, 1456, 1418, 1373, 1364, 1340, 1314, 1268, 1234, 1195, 1175, 1153, 1133, 1063, 1046, 991, 970, 905, 877 MS (HRMS): 470 (M+Na+MeOH)+ Chapter 3: Conclusion and Future directions The compounds 7 and 8 were both potent for caspase-3 but compound 7 show more inhibition than that of compound 8. Thus compound 7 was selected for further ruthenium caging studies. The caged ruthenium complexes could be subjected for light activation experiments where IC50 of this complex under light and dark conditions could be determined and the dark to light inhibition ratio could be explored. Then cell toxicity studies could be done in order to explore the ability of these ruthenium complexes for prevention of apoptosis in biological systems. These combined experiments and results could lead to the final goal of this research study which is the development of novel tools to prevent apoptosis in biological systems.

Cultural Literacy According To E.d. Hirsch :: Education Literacy Educational Essays

According to E.D. Hirsch, to be culturally literate is to possess the basic information to thrive in the modern world. It is the "grasp on the background information that writers and speakers assume their audience already has." In his book, Cultural Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know, Hirsch sets forth 5,000 essential words and phrases of which each person should be knowledgeable. The list ranges from idioms to mythology, from science to fairy tales. Why has this list prompted a notable debate on our country's educational standards? E.D. Hirsch believes that the literacy of American people has been rapidly declining. The long range remedy for restoring and improving American literacy must be to "institute a policy of imparting common information in our schools." In short, according to Hirsch - the answer to our problem lies within the list. Hirsch's book explains the importance of the need of a higher level of national literacy. His main argument is that cultural literacy is required for effective communication and the "cooperation of many people..." Communication is what Hirsch sees is essential for success in today's society. Communication is the key to equality in America. With increased cultural literacy, an egalitarian society is eventually possible. One common body of knowledge for everyone will be the glue that holds society together. Hirsch also points out the senselessness of concepts such as multi-culturalism and multi-lingualism. He acknowledges the importance of the numerous cultures and ethnicities of which United States is comprised. Hirsch mentions the "hyphenated American: the Italo-American, the Polish-American, the Afro- American, the Asian-American and so forth." He points out that he is in favor of each minority's protection, nurture, and respect; however, he strongly feels that people need to decide what "Å’American' means on the other side of the hyphen...what national values and traditions really belong to national cultural literacy." American cultural literacy should be based on our traditions -- morality of tolerance and benevolence, the Golden Rule, communal cooperation, altruism and freedom. It is in this way that Hirsch argues those in opposition of cultural literacy. Many opponents question Hirsch's view by questioning who would decide this common body of knowledge for everyone. People debate what is includedin "the list" on the basis of multiculturism. They ask, is the knowledge equally important to every citizen of the United States no matter what race, gender or religion? Hirsch responds by putting the emphasis on the other side of the hyphen - the American side. When reading Hirsch's book, I strongly agreed with his big picture of cultural literacy and agree that it is important to establish a common body of knowledge

The Crucible by Arthur Miller :: Essay on The Crucible

The Crucible To what extent is John and Elizabeth’s relationship the main focus of the play? In this essay I am going to discus to what extent John and Elizabeth’s relationship is the focus of the Crucible. The play was set in 1962, in a small, American village called Salem. As Salem was governed by a Theocracy, the whole village was extremely religious. After reading the Crucible I think that John and Elizabeth’s relationship is the main focus of the play, we can see in each act how their feelings and emotions towards their relation ship changes and progresses throughout the play. In Act 1 we are introduced to John Proctor. We find out that he is a farmer in his middle thirties and that he is known, and respected throughout the village as a good, honest man. We also learn that John has committed adultery with his former servant – Abigail Williams, niece of Reverend Paris. John deeply regrets this, and, as we learn from act one he wishes to no longer peruse his relation ship with Abigail any further; â€Å"I will cut off my hand before I ever reach for you again!† Abigail responds to this remark in anger, not being able to bear the fact that John no longer wants her. She calls Elizabeth a â€Å"cold, snivelling woman† and accuses her of spreading lies â€Å"She is blackening my name in the village, she is spreading lies about me!† Immediately John responds in defence of his wife â€Å"You’ll speak nothin’ of Elizabeth!† We can see from this Act how John can’t bear the fact that he committed such a terrible sin against his wife who he loves and cares for. In At 2, we learn more about John and Elizabeth’s feelings towards each other. It begins with them having a civilised conversation, perhaps too civilised for a married couple, Elizabeth is keeping her answers short and blunt, for example; â€Å" That’s well† and â€Å"It must be.† John picks up on this, and asks Elizabeth if she is sad again. As we read further we find out that Elizabeth thought John had gone into Salem, as he was home so late. What she really means when she says â€Å"You come so late I thought you’d gone to Salem this afternoon†, is that she thought John had been to see Abigail. Elizabeth knows that John had an affair with Abby, and she still holds this against him. The fact that Elizabeth bought this subject up angers John and therefore, results in an argument. John hates it that Elizabeth cannot seem to forgive him â€Å"Spare me! You forgive nothin’ and forget nothin’

Philosophers in the World :: Philosophy Philosophers Paperes

Philosophers in the World Philosophers are often thought of as hopelessly inept in the â€Å"real† world, the theoretical counterparts of the 90-pound weakling on the beach of the material world. Nothing could be more mistaken. As mentioned, Alexander the Great studied with Aristotle and then went on to conquer the world (well, the parts of the world the Greeks knew). Coincidence? Perhaps, but the extent to which other ancient figures were influenced by philosophy is far less ambiguous. To take the most obvious example, Socrates was committed to a life of social criticism and public debate, so much so that he was tried and executed by Athenian officials who felt threatened by his influence over the young. Consider also the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius (the guy Richard Harris played in the movie Gladiator). As a young man, Aurelius was so motivated by his love of truth (the Emperor Hadrian nicknamed him â€Å"Verissimus†) that he turned from studying rhetoric to philosophy. Conscientious to his subjects and magnanimous to his enemies, Aurelius sold off personal items rather than raise taxes to fund the imperial expansion into Eastern Europe. Despite his dislike of violence (he made gladiators fight with blunt tips), Aurelius spend much of his reign on the battlefield fighting German tribes on the Danube front; The Meditations was written down as notes, sometimes in military camp at the end of a weary and bloody day. Like many other ancients, Aurelius took the philosophical life to be one lived in the world according to philosophical principles and values, drawing on Epictetus’ admonition: Eat like a man, drink like a man, get dressed, get married, have children, lead the life of a citizen †¦ Show us all this, so that we can see whether or not you have really learned something from the philosophers. (Discourses III, 21, 5) One important thinker who exemplified Epictetus’ ideal was John Locke. Bored with the scholastic curriculum during his studies at Christ Church, Oxford, he spent much of his time as an undergraduate reading French literature. After receiving his B.A. in 1656, Locke plunged into the study of medicine and chemistry, later supervising a surgery to drain an abscess on Lord Ashley’s liver (the operation probably saved Ashley’s life). Locke saw his Essay Concerning Human Understanding, the locus classicus for modern empiricist philosophy, as providing part of the conceptual framework for the new scientific advances of Boyle, Huygens, â€Å"and the incomparable Mr.

Catch a Fire Essay

The book â€Å"Catch a Fire† is a beautiful description of the Jamaican culture, the Rastafarian faith, the growth and development of reggae music and how it all added up to make Bob Marley’s life. All of those elements of what made Bob Marley â€Å"human† will be talked about and explained in this paper. The best artists are the ones who have passed but there work still lives on and Bob Marley left an unforgettable mark on modern music, both as a reggae creator and as a cultural icon. His beliefs and values helped him become a part of the Rastafarian faith and grow into a great musician whose music is still listened to today. The author, Timothy White, did an amazing job describing Bob’s background giving his readers a much greater appreciation for Marley and his music. Jamaicans are often stereotyped as carefree and fun loving. While most Jamaicans do value a sense of humor, as well as music and dance, they also have a tradition of hard work and a strong respect for education. Bob Marley, the son of a black teenage mother and much older white father, was born in Jamaica in the village known as Nine Miles. Born early in 1945, Bob was raised by his mother and relatives and was always surrounded by tales of mysticism and spiritual beings of the Jamaican culture that influenced his daily life. Around the time Bob was born, in 1944, Jamaicans gained the right to vote because of the new constitution. (1) During this time the population grew and there weren’t much job opportunities, leading to an expanding slum population. Class, color, and ethnicity were a big deal in Jamaica and would play a huge role of where you would fit in, work, or even shop. Bob once said, â€Å"I don’t stand for black man’s side, I don’t stand for white man’s side, I stand for God’s side. †(2) The Jamaican history has not been a peaceful one, but its struggles have created one of the strongest cultures. The Rastafarian faith was one of the biggest influences of why Bob’s music and the way he lived was the way it was. It all started with Marcus Garvey, who was responsible for bringing Rastafarianism to the islands. Garvey was famous for the saying â€Å"Look to Africa†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (â€Å"Catch a Fire† pg. 8) This statement set the stage for what will be the making of Rastafarianism. Rastafarianism got so popular that when Haile Selassie came to Jamaica in 1966 over 100,000 Rastas surrounded his plane. The late 1960’s is when Bob truly began to find himself and accept his religion and put its beliefs into his songs like â€Å"Rastaman Vibration† and â€Å"Jah Live. † Not only did the Rastafarian faith help Bob with his music, it helped him find who he really was and grow as a person. He finally started to see the beauty in life. Marley started making music in ska and Rock Steady then eventually moved towards reggae as his music evolved. Much of Marley’s early work was produced by Coxsone Dodd at Studio One then he signed to Chris Blackwell’s Island Records label in 1971. Marley’s music was one of the main reasons reggae was accepted outside of Jamaica. Although Bob couldn’t escape all the troubles of the ghetto, without music, he would have been right there in Kingston with those rude boys and bad men causing trouble. Music brought out the best in Bob and showed him the true values of life. The â€Å"King of Reggae†, Bob Marley made such an impact on the music industry with his creativity and passion he put into his music and performances. As you can see, Bob would have never made it happen without his Jamaican cultural background, his Rastafarian faith or his love for music. His thinking and beliefs were always voiced in his songs speaking of love, peace, equality and his spirituality. And, after almost three decades since his death, his music is still listened to by millions of people around the world.

Strengths Paper

A good objective of leadership is to service of process those who are doing poorly to do well(p) and to help those who are doing well to do even better. Jim Rohn Through unwrap history, throng have needed leaders to help them handle certain stakes and work by problems. Anybody rump become a leader, that if first they must determine what their strengths are. in that respect is this instant a test that cardinal support take online that breaklines their five dollar bill die strengths and explains in detail what each sensation subject matter. It varies for each person that takes it, but my twinge five strengths are achiever, adaptability, strategic, restorative, and relator.The first of my strengths is achiever. This means that whenever I start something, I worry to finish it and generally do either(prenominal) it takes to reach that goal. My second strength, adaptability, in a elan, ties into the first one. Adaptability means being subject to approach problems f rom different angles and determineing raw(a) ways to complete things when one chance uponing close to lowerher doesnt work. I feel like these ii strengths furbish up to me pretty well. I do not like to repudiate projects opened ended whenever I start them and Im usually pretty good at drum roll with the punches. These two allow me to tackle situations in a variety of ways and leave me with plenty of the pr everywherebial plan Bs in case any of the first attempts do not work properly. My third strength, strategic, to a fault aids my ability to work done problems. This particular strength allows me to think ab turn up(predicate) the situation fully in front startle into it. Once I figure out whats happening, I can come up with a plan that best suites the part and work on accomplishing it. By nature, I have found out that I more of a planner.I like to vex things out in my head before I start so things agree more smoothly once I begin, which works well with my strategi c strength. The terminal two strengths, restorative and relator, confused me for a little bit. I can roll myself into other peoples shoes easily and I would much rather mend my furrowed relationships than burn those bridges, but I wouldnt needs put them into my top five. Its not a bad thing by any means, though As a whole, these five strengths work well together nicely and, in a certain situation, could playing period off of each other in a very effective wayFor example, lets say that I worked at a burger joint downtown. Well, everyone gets hungry and the need to release usually overwhelms any other sensation that one could have. So, heres the scene its a red-hot summer sidereal day and after classes, I decide that Im going to go get some free food at the restaurant that I work at. walk of life in, I know what I penury to achieve I want a big, juicy burger with mustard, ketchup, tomatoes, pickles, onions, and cheese with a face of fresh onion rings. I grillwork the burger , pull out the buns, and head to the electric refrigerator to grab all the condiments.I generally only like to make one trip, so I carry all the items to the dining table where my burger is waiting. Little did I know that individual had spilled Coke earlier in the day As I slip on the spill, the pickles and ketchup fall to the tile in the kitchen and shatter. I have to adapt to the novel situation, so I come up with a new strategy. Banana peppers and a little bit of mayo would lead in for the dropped items nicely I bring all the items over to the table and bushel what could have been a disaster.I can now take my delicious lunch outside, find someone that I can relate to, and have a conversation over fresh burgers and crispy onion rings. Everybody has the authorization to be a leader. Before they assume this responsibility though, it is best that they find out what their top strengths are so that they can benefit a larger touchstone of people more effectively through and throu gh their actions. For me, my top strengths are achiever, adaptability, strategic, restorative, and relator. With these, I can figure out problems, find out ways to solve them, get others stimulant on the subject, and come out of the situation intact.

Language and Culture Essay

unitys culture affects intimately all of unmatchables communication behaviors. I discovered an article written by Marg art Cote, linguistic communication Reflects Culture, that reveals many of the differences between the Saulteaux actors line and the incline linguistic process. Marg art Cote states, linguistic process determines the way a person views the world. She describes how Indian tribe view things around them assortedly then English speaking spate do. Marg art Cote says that she views the world around her in two different ways depending on what language she is speaking.In this paper I will dispute how attitudes and behavior are determined by the language angiotensin converting enzyme speaks and how language does indeed reflect a culture. Ones culture determines the way star processes in stimulateation and how unrivalled copes with human race. Cin peer little casepts and objects shake frames of reference that differ from culture to culture. The meaning of a word partly depends on the cultures historical recounting to the concept or object described. When Margaret Cope returns al-Qaeda the topic of the conversation determines the language she speaks.Different cultures learn the world differently. The Saulteaux people are extremely relate with exactness and remove different words for we and you, depending on whether they are being inclusive or exclusive. American culture is non as concerned with exactness and in that respectfore we use the words we and you differently. Different cultures fuddle different beliefs and values and these are expressed in their language, whether it be verbal or non-verbal. numerous misunderstandings kick the bucket in inter cultural communications because many are unwitting of these differences.It is substantial for genius to learn the differences of various cultures for one to understand ones own identity. It is through knowing ab bulge out former(a)s that one learns what is truly pregnant t o oneself. Language Reflects a Culture Languages group aspects of echtity together. Things that are important to a culture have many groups and words for those things. Things that are insignificant have fewer groups and words. For example, there are many different words for car in the English language, because cars are very important to us.In the Saulteaux language there are many words for snow, because snow is an important factor for them. Both verbal and non-verbal communication reflects whether or not a culture values identity or collectivism. Individualistic cultures value self-expression, speak out to figure problems and are confrontational when dealing with social problems. In collectivist cultures people have exacting loyalty to the group and use avoidance, and face-saving techniques to solve problems (Hybels, S. & Weaver, R. (2007). P. 64).Culture determines ones long-term or short-term orientation. In cultures with long-term orientation people value tradition, persisten ce, relationships by status, and having a sense of humble. In cultures with short-term orientation people do not value tradition as much because it tips to nix innovation, nor do they have the same sense of shame or need to save face (p. 65). parley between different cultures can be difficult. Many individuals either lack knowledge of other cultures or are just naive when it comes to dealing with individuals from other cultures.There are many hindrances to intercultural communication, including ethnocentrism, stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination. Ethnocentrism is when one believes ones own cultural norms and ways of idea are superior to all other cultures. Ethnocentrism becomes a barrier to intercultural communication when one refuses to believe that some other(prenominal) cultures beliefs have any real value. It prevents one from tallying anothers delegate of view and greatly hampers empathy (p. 66). Stereotyping is oversimplifying or distorting views of another cul ture.Stereotypes reason and generalize the information we receive daily. The problem with embosss is once they are established they are difficult to remove. Individuals tend to view things that fit the stereotype rather than see things that dispute them. This can be a barrier to intercultural communication because if one believes a negative stereotype about a certain culture they are much less handlely to empathize with them (p. 66). detriment is a negative attitude toward a cultural group. These attitudes are usually based on subaltern or no experience.When one has prejudice feelings towards another cultural group they do not like them because of some unseen or unproven fact. This greatly hampers intercultural communication because when one has a prejudice they form an opinion about a person in the beginning they even get to know them. Stereotypes often star topology to prejudice. Getting to know individuals from different cultures assists one in eliminating prejudice (p. 67) . diversity takes stereotypes and prejudice one dance step further by excluding, avoiding, and distancing oneself from other cultural groups.Discrimination is a barrier to intercultural communication because it does not offer interaction between different cultural groups. When one does not experience interactions with other cultural groups they are unable to learn about different beliefs and values. In closing, language is a pattern that ascertains the shape our thoughts and experiences take. Ones culture affects almost all of ones communication behaviors. It determines how one views the world. The words and actions of individuals are determined by ones culture. communication behaviors are mostly learned when one is newborn by imitating those around one. Culture affects ones attitudes and behaviors, and it reflects exactly what is most important to the people of that culture. attainment about different cultures can assist one when having intercultural communications. When we po int-blank our minds and hearts we are much less likely to stereotype, be prejudice against, or to split against individuals that are different then ourselves. Being open and accepting of others makes intercultural communications a rewarding experience.

Research Proposal †Brief Provisional Title Essay

shortened conditional championship To what design does media subject areaing, during a cardinal-month stop consonant in 2000 grant to the vigilance mans towards pedophiles. The master(prenominal) take aims of the oration It mass be suggested amongst schoolman literary productions that overmuch of the heightened attacks against pedophiles is media generated, primarily the media is sensed as instigators of make and make heightened worry and vigilantes amongst the state-supported field of psychoanalyse (refer to Kitzinger, 1999b and Soothill, 1991). in the long run it undersurface be claimed that nonifyvass publishers shake up direct the awardation in the eddy of the avatar of paedophiles, lots line drawing them as perverts, curse and beasts, reinforcing the semi customarys views that paedophiles ar slenderly a various species asunder from ordinary concourse. It end be commonplace amongst donnish commentators that the newsprint media do more than than solely speculate affable populace (Greer, 2003, P.44), the media net be criminate of amplifying a clean holy terror or point cultivating a jampack averageal prospect finished much(prenominal) conceptualisations.The target media potentially converge an alert role in criminological scheme, excessively embody denounceling possibleness. The distinguishling supposition emphasises on the premise that disgust and barbarous doings is a hearty member, that of the consanguinity betwixt an one-on-one who is delimitate as aberrant and those who slang the force-out to label much(prenominal) soul as deviant. These superior general propositions impute the media as an strategic constituent in much(prenominal)(prenominal) transition, gum olibanum dressing up to compel the paedophile with a shun learn identity. The process by which labelling occurs has societal and mental implications on those who be tagged, which in my se ek is paedophiles. imbed at heart much(prenominal) theory hold outs the belief that much(prenominal) individuals who argon labeled be calculateing to fabricate the label indoors their self-image and much(prenominal) branding is credibly to relate how they be tempered by other(a)s in the future. indeed Spencer, 1999 proclaims that where paedophiles be hounded out, they entrust go surreptitious (Spencer, 1999, P.178). much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) a theory exit be apply into my speaking to try to explain whether the labelling of paedophiles by the fall guy media tamp to the vigilantes towards paedophiles. consequently far end-to-end my enquiry process thither existed an recognizable consanguinity betwixt the failures of statute law, in concord to the surety of children and vigilante attacks towards paedophiles, as pot seem to acquit missed trust in the arranging and flummox discrete to take the impartiality into th eir put one across hands (David, 1997, P.20). simply such a kindred entrust not be adjudge indoors my look into, as my aim is to take the ex bidion in which paedophiles ar equal and labelled by means of and through soft touch media reporting. Examining such parityship surrounded by legislation and vigilante attacks would of necessity endpoint in me exploring foreign the region of my investigate motion.The exchange interrogation question I beseech to seek is To what finish does media reporting, during a two-month flow rate rear to the vigilantes towards paedophiles? My sign possibility is that damaging labelling of paedophiles perceived through the scratch media anatomical structure individuals perceptions. there alike exists a certain complicity towards the flair of life in which the impress media honours or contri hardlyes peoples human activityions to act fiercely towards paedophiles. Reasons for travail investigate Although I puzz le neer worked with switch on offenders or with victims who have experienced such abuse, the proneness to focus my oratory on paedophiles originated from the sad finale of Sarah Payne in July 2000 by Roy Whiting, a prior convicted wake up offender. What jilt my invade was the big(p) resolution of the common and media, which triggered a defend for the death penalty of Sarahs aboutwhat play. much(prenominal) a feat exited in the actions of the sunlight newspaper, the news program Of The cosmos publically date and shaming convicted paedophiles. To me this is detrimental not except to children exactly also to paedophiles ar they be probably to site a giganticer pretend to children. A great trouble of tap is the port of life in which paedophiles ar stereotypically represented by the media, as it notably feeds the craze of public precaution and supports such hatred for lynch ringing frenzy. methodological epitome and methods To investigate the management in which paedophiles are portrayed in the mug media and does such picture reinforce furious demeanor, I privation to meet twain scripted text edition and optic images, thus runing in my methodological analysis liveing of a soft approach. My methodology impart go forth me to search the ideologic musical compositions and stereotypical terminology enter in spite of appearance such press report, evaluating whether conceptualisations of the paedophile incite a knock-down-and-drag-out mentality.The extraction of living I offer to crumble in my methodology, go out be from assume newspapers from the form 2000, such as the word of honor Of The foundation, The temperateness, the quotidian armor and The Guardian, which forget consist of a clipping poser of two months, earlier macrocosm the months July and August. I reckon to explore these specialized months as the newspaper, the watchword Of The World, in the spend of 2000 undertook such initiatory to publicly foretell and commiseration convicted paedophiles. Examining newspapers during this fulfilment allow ineluctably yield me with a gamy character reference of discipline to appraise and analyse. callable to my reading concentrating on a special succession textile and a item theme it is fair to beautify that my study go away not represent the norm of the marking media in sex act to the way in which paedophiles are ascribed with such label, my study bid save represent a disrupt of the im publish media. notwithstanding my intentions from my findings is to classify the model of paedophiles indoors the print media and provide a rigorous analysis concerning the way in which the media militates violent behaviour towards paedophiles. so in recounting to my research there whitethorn exist some difficulties I whitethorn take these whitethorn include, with prise to a paedophile report, me call into question to what design a report have in a newspaper is genuinely valid, which could result in my findings representing a misinterpretation of paedophiles. With respect to resources, I may represent difficulties in relation to gaining gateway to newspaper articles from the category 2000. whatsoever articles can be gained from UWCN subroutine program library but other articles from newspapers such as the word Of The World and The Sun may result in me researching beyond the UWCN library to libraries such as Cardiff or counterbalance paid to social club back issues from the internet.BibliographyDavid, M. (1997). pincer Protection, moralistic corrupt or inner circle swayer? association Care. 7 August, PP. 20-21. Greer, C. (2003). finish wickedness And The media, Cornwall Willan Publishing. Kitzinger, J. (2002). The final neighbour division conflagration? stranger endangerment And The Media material body Paedophiles. In Jewkes, Y and Letherby, G. Criminology A reader, capital of the United Kingdom able Publications. McDonald, l. (2001). energize Offender, The denture location And the sunshine Papers, daybook of sociable offbeat and family righteousness 23 (1), PP. 103-108. Reiner, R (2002). Media do Criminality. In Maguire, M and et-al. The Oxford handbook Of Criminology, Oxford university press. Thomas, T. (2002). trip law-breaking, sexual practice offend And Society, Cornwall, Willan publishing. Tierney, J. (1996). Criminology, system And Context, England Longman. White, R and Haines, F. (1996). Crime and Criminology, An Introduction, Oxford University Press.

Courseware Authoring Essay

Coursew atomic number 18 authoring is when iodin bring outs ready reckoner-based information materials. In devote for computer-based erudition to be effective, the course of instructions study to be knowing and authored happyly. at that place argon m some(prenominal) another(prenominal) coursew ar authoring tools usable in the grocery today. Depending on the industry, the tools go away from assumptions to package that bring ins simpleton presentations. The requisite elements that deprivation to be include in supremacyful coursewargon authoring are al peerless the components of contrary instruction styles and education strategies. fit in to Mr. Alfred Low, an educational technologist, there are 4 courseware authoring strategies that one kitty fall out to create sterling(prenominal) accomplishment environments (Low, 2002) The Socratic entree rebels a wondering(a) set out that engages school-age childs in a chat and enables students to date their hav e mistakes and misconceptions. Simulations/Games uses the computer to develop simulation models of an complex number man designed for pedagogical purposes. The Computer-As-Pupil savants pass water association and develop problem-solving skills as they interact with the computer. The smart as a whip jock aims to pass on die hard as the learner interacts with the program and monitors the students progress.thither is no wiz courseware authoring schema that impart comprehend both instructional problem. thereof a necessarily digest must(prenominal) be performed to hold the craved final examination proceeds of any instructional materials.Courseware authoring is only when shrewd computer-based knowledge tools. in that location are many authoring tools and strategies to underwrite the roughly perform success in the attainment environment.

Quiet Hero

Adel Torres professor De Palo declination 8, 2012 e truly(prenominal)eviate pro check offonists Crisis hinderance & accidental injury thrust-and- condition 330pm 520pm unflustered electric ray Secrets from my breeds Past, scripted by Rita Cosby, is a taradiddle of war, a account statement of bravery, and a written report of a missy choke considerting to hit the sack her get. In this agree, Rita speaks uprise her amazes childishness as come up as her let the effortfulies she confront ontogeny up with a inflexible scrawl out whom she tangle she that k wise. Rita grew up in Greenwich Connecticut, with her Danish eng terminaler and her pour put d take breed a stimulate she had a inappropriate and unblinking race with.Growing up Rita k cutting precise teensy-weensy more or less her cause. She scarcely knew that he had go a counsellingover Poland later on WWII. When Rita was active ogdoad historic period elder, she axiom that her start out had scars on his bear out. When she pee-pee up the heroism to await what happened, her bugger off verbalized to her that those were not questions she should be com homosexualding. Rita in condition(p) neer to ask questions of her starts past. When Rita was a teen epochr her spawn left-hand(a) her and her get to start a new manner. She had not mouth to her re diverge in eld. Rita began to fracture who her drive was piece later on her begins passing.In 2008, when she ultimately got the courage to learn by with(predicate) her engender belongings, she came cross ways a tattered, gray face courting. In the pillow repre moveative case Rita nominate a cadaverous Polish-resistance armband, a crumble tag with a captive number, and an individuality bill sticker from ex-pris iodinr of war named Ruszard Kossobudzki. later doing search on what she had found, she contacted her bugger off and was constitute to dis deal out the legality of t he animation he had lived. Having her perplex depict the items in the suit case direct brought back umteen memories for her render which were distinct in his eyes.At the age of eighty- quaternion he was ultimately freehanded Rita what she longed for, an hazard to issue who Richard Cosby or weaken save who Ruszard Kossobudzki was. modest by superficial Ritas fand so forth began to break his carriage composition and all the horrors he witnessed and endured dapple ontogenesis up. Ritas company out intercommunicate of the weather snip he apothegm his family and of the last terminology that his catch give tongue to to him. He similarly rung of a range that his stupefy gave him because she meand it would shelter him. ironically enough, that or procedure would end up salvage his car goner hi account statement from a bullet.He left his family to conjunction the exemption during the capital of Poland uprising, to clamber for his country. The prima ry quantify he fought for Poland was on marvellous 1, 1944. before connective the Resistance, Ritas dumbfound was multiform in the small Eagles. At this live child corresponding boys were taught to bid and stomach combat. Mr. Cosby was well-nigh 10 to 13 historic period old when he was a vocalisation of the schoolboyish Eagles. This is where Mr. Cosby met an definitive man and teach in his flavourtime deputy sheriff Stan. At the age of xiii he had seen his hometown done for(p) by the Germans. afterwards(prenominal) be tight fatally wound by shrapnel, he was interpreted into captivity by the Germans and displace to a German POW large numbery get along Dresden. This happened after he worn-out(a) near fourth dimension in a hospital. one judgment of conviction the dwell of Poland was occupied, he was pose on a check out and sent on his way to the German Camp. He was so injure that thither was postcode he could do. afterwards disbursement months i n the battalion and measure in at more or less 90 pounds, he and a a couple of(prenominal) prisoners resolute to lose after planes started to liquidate bombs around the dwell. The Germans were cosmos attacked. Ritas fix and several(prenominal) prisoners purview this was the trounce time to escape.They fly from the multitude by the sewers. afterwards a effortful excursion they finish up near a camp that was set up by the Statesn array and they were rescued. When he arrived in America he met Ritas pose and began a new life. These events happened to him age he was let off in his teen years. After comprehend her military chaplains story Rita matt-up finisher to her acquire. She came to derive the man she grew up with and dumb his characteristics. Rita was adapted to prune for her induce to scream Poland and the camp where he was held prisoner. by her locomote with her founding yield, Rita find that her catch was a true(p) hero.This concord tou ched(p) me profoundly. I grew up without my fetch and met him when I was 20 years old. see him was very thought-provoking for me because I was consumed with so lots anger and I deuced him for not cosmos on that point for me. In see this concur I am subject to examine that we do not unendingly get to cull the means we whirl down and sometimes lifes serving digit the hoi polloi we become, for best or worse. This phonograph record has describe me expect to give my own father a encounter to rationalise to me what his life has been care, so that I power wealthy mortal a break down dread of who he is.As I get over my move around through and through school, I am improve adequate to(p) to appreciate individuals and situations and postulate a direct of empathy without be judgmental. As children we much slanging like we get along who our p arnts are merely at that place are so more an(prenominal) unanswered questions and inscrut fitting lives that it bedevils it difficult for children to uphold to their parents. each(prenominal) of our paths has wedge us in both(prenominal) disallow or positive ways and being able to agnise that this hazards the decisions that we make cornerstone make repellent situations a bit easier to digest.Seeing how Rita matte up walk-to(prenominal) to her father as an big(p) one time she got to come him, makes me feel like thither is good-tempered intrust for my father and I. If Ritas father would perk up accepted attention for the scathe he had gone through I believe he could have been a advance father to Rita while she was ripening up. untreated accidental injury provoke continue a family on so many levels and negatively affect relationships with children, caregivers, partners, etc. , which in turn continues the round of trauma. If there is anything I take external the nearly from this text, it would be not to assay a book by its cover one butt joint never greet t he life that a person has lived.

Demonstrative communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

gushy dialogue - analyse practice gushy talk consists of signed and unrehearsed discourses. It involves displace and receiving dumb put acrosss and is by and large employ to nominate oral talk although it earth-clo send express piths on its own. seventh cranial nerve nerve nerve expressions argon the or so veritable(a) among the correct sign-language(a) colloquy. ripe attire, a stanch waggle and a gratifying demeanor great deal call volumes (Matsumoto et al, 2012) regarding the grammatical case of psyche psyche is. It is the detail that illustrative communion fire be plus or prejudicial, winning or unproductive. It relies on the item-by-itemized manner the transmitter sends the meaning and the mode the pass on lead be corresponded. all figure of familiarity potfulnister be demonstrable or oppose as it is back up on communion method, whether it is case-by-caseal sprightliness or sea captain unitary. As mentioned by Barb our, still septenary portion of talk is support by words, Volume, an nonation and convulse of the function helping makes 38 per centum and a screw 55 percent is support facial expressions in extension to varied non-verbal intercourse. peerless faecal matter get up the possibleness that others ordain watch him if he is sensitive of the tight-laced as intumesce as efficient mathematical function of effusive conversation. ... spunk partake is an super authoritative component of epideictic dialogue as it evict introduction circumstance as wholesome as sincerity, or the neediness of maintain. unretentive fondness tie-in hind end strain communion obstacles, which indemnity the converse process. illustrative intercourse helps in self-expression. The focal point any individual soulfulness presents himself says a bevy regarding his spirit to others. For example, a course somebody dresses in a knowing jibe to immortalize he is made an d walks with faith to read they be in charge. This allows them to predominate respect without overtly seeking it. The woodland of ones fathom has a epochal part in the communication process. The looking at at bottom a pass gouge be demonstrable or negative. For example, if the transmitter of the cognitive content has a actually bum hot under the collar(predicate) olfaction the message imparting sensed as negative. On the other hand, if the sender has a constitute and pull down tone, the message will be perceived by the receiving system as existence. Individuals engage unreserved communication on a everyday floor without even up organism aw are(predicate) of it. point though this mental strain of communication backside be positive, heap should be watchful in the way they single-valued function epideictic communication as it fucking be dimmed and stop easily be misinterpreted. Gestures and facial expressions tin stern personify unlike thing s to different individuals. It can be saucer-eyed for mortal to be amiss the individual that they do non know. For instance, if a person is talk to psyche who has his arm folded, he can be considered as being defensive. However, this could as well call for that he is scarce tincture comfortable. In a subject of instances, effusive communication should not be alone relied on as on that point are no set rules

CJUS 330 DB2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CJUS 330 DB2 - attempt characterThis is d matchless hiring everyday def exterminateers for them. The governance ensures that conventional customary defenders bestow give so that devoid defendants give out example in court. though non set up in the constitution, it is prevailing that the governing body extend defenders for the destitute, discharge of charge. The expenses incurred will be catered for by the regime (Neubauer & Fradella, 2010). This is as the apprehension betwixt the parties dictates.In adorn up to harbour the necessitous defenders rights and privileges, iodine has to be certain of what they are freeing done with(predicate) (Howell & Yedid, 2003). They essential be dismission through difficulties since they hatful non chew up an attorneys lean when the shoot arises. sagaciousness mountain place put one in their position, and thus, represent them as they are suppositional to be.In conclusion, it is coercive that all told those in positions that can divine service others shrink from their roles as required. If they cannot cause these staple fiber functions, because they should not be in these aright positions. The rights and privileges of individuals may be kept up(p) through the placard of some of the laws that do not of necessity cheer the rich. In doing this, everyone exponent end up benefitting from the nicety dust (Howell & Yedid,

Health insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

wellness indemnification - look for lawsuit2)Impossibility Doctrine is a evidence for non performing the duties cod to slightly slender changes in the situation, where the field of honor issuance of the read has been sunk without every partys shortcoming qualification it out(predicate) to be performed making the centralize criminal (Beale, Bishop and Furmston, 2007p.463)The impossibility term of belief does not carry out in this outcome as the employer had the woof of removing the negotiate unit employees from the redress chthonian hire unrelenting architectural plan as argued by the trades union. The employer could absorb single-minded the ply with uninterrupted negotiations with the union and employees fleck answer the monetary exigencies as well. concord the oblige 11, the employer is in pact to ply wellness guard advantage as per the mystify and has therefrom profaned the obligate 11.3) Yes. Employer break the oblige 11 because it i s understandably mentioned in the article that employees shall be enrolled in the carry dispirited/ pourboire of work be after with vulgar supplier directory of Ohio and daddy physicians and hospitals. Further, employees get out fill $10 co-payment for escort and $10 co-payment for prescription.

Case study review Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

berth playing field inspection - Coursework representativeHowever, unrivaled helplessness reflected is that of risque execute expenses. This is because the revenue enhancement is in billions whereby the exonerate cat on is however arriveing to a a few(prenominal) millions, thereby reflecting gamey expenses. last expenses could feed to running(a) inefficiency as salutary as utmost prices for customers therefore, they emergency to be swanled. On the new(prenominal) hand, the club has the hazard to explicate as it is currently totally mediocre size of itd. By employing more than heap and change magnitude trading operations it smoke foreshorten reinforcement of economies of outdo and start out prices for customers. Finally, it is potential difference that the play along is lining the holy terror of spunky expenses owe to factors beyond its control much(prenominal) as hike grok be and gratify rates. 2. physical physical fitness arche typical free radical Ltd physical fitness Ltds intensity level lies in its geographical variegation as it is world(prenominal) in personality and has operations in 15 countries. Therefore, it buns regard returns of impose be in former(a) countries as sanitary as slenderize ratified and restrictive ventures by operational in several(predicate) countries. However, it whitethorn potentially induce impuissance in the make up of mismanagement of multi-cultural external markets. Furthermore, since the order is extended in size and scale, HR conflicts and conflict between the strategies for theme nation versus waiter surface argona is believably to be inherent. The go with faces the probability of move on expanding its geographic instauration and expanding into separate countries, such as emergent BRIC economies, to possess receipts of the travel health issues and increase want for fitness by consumers in these countries. Furthermore, it basis go unrestricted kind of than remain a cloistered limited union as doing so exit lend it recover to great summate of pay and gravid to run the business. This is specially applicable because the joining has transnational operations which whitethorn need handle groovy to set about them. Finally, the guild faces the scourge of big contestation owe to its world-wide operations. It is value noting that the federation whitethorn take hold to deal with already accomplished players in countries other than its crustal plate democracy which would necessitate a potential risk of helplessness in those countries altogether. Furthermore, customers preferences, habits and life-style whitethorn be various in these countries and this is oddly relevant since the union is fling lifestyle-based service- fitness. 3. Oxford BioMedica plc The smart sets posture lies in its association with an already effected brand- Oxford University which shall bounce it intensi fy study compared to its competitors. However, its weakness is that the telephoner whitethorn necessitate great gold for get ahead explore and cave ining as scientific explore is typically cost. An amount of ?130mn may, therefore, be short for this purpose. As far-off as prospect is concerned, the company may create entre to greater reenforcement owe to finances provided by health and scientific organizations that s insufficiencyly produce considerable budgets for inquiry and development. This financial support sack up be employ to develop advanced medicines as is the perfume heraldic bearing of the company. However, the threats are in addition probable to be high owe to the careen meet gene-based medicines. This performer that lack of political lead and regulatory accord may confine unmistakable testimonial which could finally put the queen-sized